What Are Occupational Health Hazards?

Occupational health hazards are workplace conditions that can cause harm to employees' health, safety, or well-being. These health hazards can fall under one of the six primary hazard categories: physical hazards, chemical hazards, biological hazards, ergonomic hazards, and behavioral hazards.

Some common workplace hazards associated with health risks include:

  • Exposure to Loud Noises: Prolonged exposure to loud noises can cause hearing loss, tinnitus, and psychological stress.

  • Hazardous Chemicals: Many cleaning products and manufacturing processes involve hazardous chemicals that can cause occupational health hazards like skin irritation, respiratory problems, and other health issues.

  • Poor Air Quality: Poor ventilation and the presence of dust, fumes, and other airborne contaminants can lead to respiratory problems and other health issues.

  • Harmful Bacteria: Certain workplaces, like healthcare settings, may have a higher risk of exposure to harmful bacteria, leading to infections.

  • Repetitive Motions: Tasks involving repetitive movements can lead to musculoskeletal disorders like carpal tunnel syndrome and tendonitis.

  • Tripping Hazards: Unsafe work environments with tripping hazards like clutter or uneven surfaces can lead to falls and injuries.

  • Workplace Stress: High stress levels at work can contribute to various health problems, including cardiovascular issues and mental health issues.

Under the General Duty Clause of OSHA, employers must maintain a safe and healthy workplace. This includes conducting risk assessments to identify occupational health hazards and then implementing hazard controls using a hierarchy of controls. The hierarchy prioritizes elimination, substitution, engineering controls, and administrative controls, with PPE as the last resort.

 

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