A flammable liquid is any liquid that gives off vapor easily at relatively low temperatures, and those vapors can mix with air and ignite if exposed to an ignition source. These liquids are classified by flash point thresholds that vary by safety organizations: at or below 199.4°F (93°C) per OSHA/GHS criteria, or below 100°F (37.8°C) per NFPA standards.
OSHA uses a four-category system for flammable liquids aligned with the Globally Harmonized System (GHS), whereas NFPA 30 relies on a class system (Classes I, II, and III) to distinguish flammable and combustible liquids.
Common Examples of Flammable Liquids
Flammable liquids are present in almost every industry, serving as fuels, cleaning agents, manufacturing raw materials, and processing solvents. Common examples include gasoline, acetone, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, toluene, and diethyl ether.
Major Hazards of Flammable Liquids
Flammable liquids present severe physical safety risks, including fire and explosion hazards, alongside varying acute and chronic health hazards to humans. Vapors can cause central nervous system depression, leading to dizziness, nausea, headaches, and respiratory tract irritation. Furthermore, direct skin contact washes away natural oils, causing severe irritation or dermatitis.
Safe Use and Handling of Flammable Liquids
Controlling vapor generation and removing all potential ignition sources are the foundations of flammable liquid safety. Prominent labeling, use of safety signs, and availability of fire suppression equipment are equally important. When facilities receive flammable liquids, the safety data sheet should be reviewed for any extra precautions that must be taken to keep employees safe.
Similar Glossary Terms
- Fire Prevention Plan
- Fire Hazard
- Fire Suppression System
- Corrosive Chemicals
- LEL
- Fire Extinguisher Classes
- Anhydrous Ammonia Refrigeration
- Acetylene
- Fire Diamond
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